By mid-school year, some children are beginning to experience reading problems. As a result, I am often asked by parents, “How do I know if my child is reading where they should be for his/her grade level?” So, over the course of the next few posts, I will be discussing what skills children should have mastered by the end of each grade from kindergarten through third grade. Since this is mid-school year, if your child is well on his or her way to mastering this list of skills and concepts, then s/he is probably right where they should be at this time of year. By the end of kindergarten, a child should have mastered the following skills and concepts:
1) Knows how to properly hold a book, turn the pages and understands that print is read from left to right as it is being read. Knows the parts of a book such as cover, title page, author, illustrator and story.
2. Attempts to “read” familiar texts from memory with correct concepts (not necessarily verbatim from the print) by looking at the pictures as clues.
3. Recognizes and can name all uppercase and lower case letters. Can identify at least one sound for each letter – usually the short letter sound for vowels. Can identify and possibly write a few common words such as the child’s own name, mom, dad, a sibling’s name, an animals name or other commonly seen words in the child’s environment or homelife.
4. Recognizes some common words by sight including “a, the, I, my, you, is, are, etc.). Notices when simple sentences do not make sense.
5. Uses new vocabulary and grammatical constructions in his/her own speech. Connects infomation and events in stories to his/her own life and experiences.
6. Listens attentively while someone reads to him/her. Can retell, reenact or dramatize stories or parts of stories heard. Can correctly answer questions about the stories read and make predictions based on pictures or events taking place in the story.
7. Can give and identify rhymes and knows when words begin and/or end in the same way such as ball and bat or pen and hen.
8. Can write most letters when they are dictated to them and can phonetically write some commonly known words by sounding them out to express own ideas on paper.